Google privacy posture

 all past versions
 .
 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: October 20, 2011 (
+Last modified: March 1, 2012 (
 view archived versions
 )
-This Privacy Policy applies to all of the
-products, services and websites
-offered by Google Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliated companies except Postini (
-Postini Privacy Policy
-). Sometimes, we may post product specific privacy notices or Help Center materials to explain our products in more detail.
-If you have any questions about this Privacy Policy, please feel free to
-through our website or write to us at
-Privacy Matters
-c/o Google Inc.
-1600 Amphitheatre Parkway
-Mountain View, California, 94043
-USA
-Information we collect and how we use it
-We may collect the following types of information:
-Information you provide
-– When you sign up for a
+There are many different ways you can use our services – to search for and share information, to communicate with other people or to create new content. When you share information with us, for example by creating a
 Google Account
-, we ask you for
+, we can make those services even better – to show you more relevant search results and ads, to help you connect with people or to make sharing with others quicker and easier. As you use our services, we want you to be clear how we’re using information and the ways in which you can protect your privacy.
+Our Privacy Policy explains:
+What information we collect and why we collect it.
+How we use that information.
+The choices we offer, including how to access and update information.
+We’ve tried to keep it as simple as possible, but if you’re not familiar with terms like cookies, IP addresses, pixel tags and browsers, then read about these
+key terms
+first. Your privacy matters to Google so whether you are new to Google or a long-time user, please do take the time to get to know our practices – and if you have any questions
+.
+Information we collect
+We collect information to provide better services to all of our users – from figuring out basic stuff like which language you speak, to more complex things like which ads you’ll find most useful or the people who matter most to you online.
+We collect information in two ways:
+Information you give us.
+For example, many of our services require you to sign up for a Google Account. When you do, we’ll ask for
 personal information
-. We may combine the information you submit under your account with information from other Google services or third parties in order to provide you with a better experience and to improve the quality of our services. For certain services, we may give you the opportunity to opt out of combining such information. You can use the Google Dashboard to learn more about the information associated with your Account. If you are using Google services in conjunction with your Google Apps Account, Google provides such services in conjunction with or on behalf of
-your domain administrator
-. Your administrator will have access to your account information including your email. Consult your domain administrator’s privacy policy for more information.
-Cookies
-– When you visit Google, we send one or more
+, like your name, email address, telephone number or credit card. If you want to take full advantage of the sharing features we offer, we might also ask you to create a publicly visible
+Google Profile
+, which may include your name and photo.
+Information we get from your use of our services.
+We may collect information about the services that you use and how you use them, like when you visit a website that uses our advertising services or you view and interact with our ads and content. This information includes:
+Device information
+We may collect device-specific information (such as your hardware model, operating system version, unique device identifiers, and mobile network information including phone number). Google may associate your device identifiers or phone number with your Google Account.
+Log information
+When you use our services or view content provided by Google, we may automatically collect and store certain information in
+server logs
+. This may include:
+details of how you used our service, such as your search queries.
+telephony log information like your phone number, calling-party number, forwarding numbers, time and date of calls, duration of calls, SMS routing information and types of calls.
+Internet protocol address
+.
+device event information such as crashes, system activity, hardware settings, browser type, browser language, the date and time of your request and referral URL.
+cookies that may uniquely identify your browser or your Google Account.
+Location information
+When you use a location-enabled Google service, we may collect and process information about your actual location, like GPS signals sent by a mobile device. We may also use various technologies to determine location, such as sensor data from your device that may, for example, provide information on nearby Wi-Fi access points and cell towers.
+Unique application numbers
+Certain services include a unique application number. This number and information about your installation (for example, the operating system type and application version number) may be sent to Google when you install or uninstall that service or when that service periodically contacts our servers, such as for automatic updates.
 cookies
 .
 Information security
 Enforcement
 Opens in a new tab
 (opens a footnote)

 Privacy Policy
+Introduction
+Information Google collects
+Why Google collects data
 Data transfer frameworks

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective December 11, 2025 |
+Effective April 2, 2026 |
 Archived versions

 , we may collect call and message log information like your phone number, calling-party number, receiving-party number, forwarding numbers, sender and recipient email address, time and date of calls and messages, duration of calls, routing information, and types and volumes of calls and messages.
-You can visit your Google Account to find and manage activity information that’s saved in your account.
 Go to Google Account

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective July 1, 2025 |
+Effective December 11, 2025 |
 Archived versions

 Maryland Online Data Privacy Act of 2024 (MDODPA)
+Indiana Consumer Data Protection Act (INCDPA)
 use the information we collect across our services

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective September 16, 2024 |
+Effective July 1, 2025 |
 Archived versions

 using the device’s settings app. You can also turn on
-Location History
 if you want to create a private map of where you go with your signed-in devices. And if your Web & App Activity setting is enabled, your searches and other activity from Google services, which may also include location information, is saved to your Google Account. Learn more about

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective March 28, 2024 |
+Effective September 16, 2024 |
 Archived versions

 Fiber
+Gemini Apps
 Google Fi

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective March 4, 2024 |
+Effective March 28, 2024 |
 Archived versions

 . As described there, when Google anonymizes data to protect your privacy, we maintain policies and technical measures to avoid re-identifying that information.
-U.S. state privacy laws also provide the right to request information about how Google collects, uses, and discloses your information. And they give you the right to access your information, sometimes in a portable format; correct your information; and to request that Google delete that information. Many of these laws also provide the right to opt out of certain forms of profiling and targeted advertising. They also provide the right to not be discriminated against for exercising these privacy rights. Finally, the CCPA treats certain kinds of information, like health data, as sensitive; when users provide this information, Google only uses it for purposes permitted by the CCPA, like to provide services that are requested and expected by our users.
 We describe the choices you have to manage your privacy and data across Google’s services in

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective February 8, 2024 |
+Effective March 4, 2024 |
 Archived versions

 Products that are integrated into third-party apps and sites, like ads, analytics, and embedded Google Maps
-You can use our services in a variety of ways to manage your privacy. For example, you can sign up for a Google Account if you want to create and manage content like emails and photos, or see more relevant search results. And you can use many Google services when you’re signed out or without creating an account at all, like searching on Google or watching YouTube videos. You can also choose to browse the web in a private mode, like Chrome Incognito mode. And across our services, you can adjust your privacy settings to control what we collect and how your information is used.
 To help explain things as clearly as possible, we’ve added examples, explanatory videos, and definitions for

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective January 15, 2024 |
+Effective February 8, 2024 |
 Archived versions

 Research and development
-: Google uses information to improve our services and to develop new products, features and technologies that benefit our users and the public. For example, we use publicly available information to help train Google’s AI models and build products and features like Google Translate, Bard, and Cloud AI capabilities.
 Use of service providers

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective November 15, 2023 |
+Effective January 15, 2024 |
 Archived versions

 Your location information
-We collect information about your location when you use our services, which helps us offer features like driving directions, search results for things near you, and ads based on your general location.
 GPS and other

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective October 4, 2023 |
+Effective November 15, 2023 |
 Archived versions

 detect abuse
-When we detect spam, malware, illegal content, and other forms of abuse on our systems in violation of our policies, we may disable your account or take other appropriate action. In certain circumstances, we may also report the violation to appropriate authorities.
 devices

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective December 15, 2022 |
+Effective July 1, 2023 |
 Archived versions

 personalized ads
-based on your interests. For example, if you search for “mountain bikes,” you may see an ad for sports equipment when you’re browsing a site that shows ads served by Google. You can control what information we use to show you ads by visiting your ad settings in
 My Ad Center

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective October 4, 2022 |
+Effective December 15, 2022 |
 Archived versions

 personalized ads
-based on your interests. For example, if you search for “mountain bikes,” you may see an ad for sports equipment when you’re browsing a site that shows ads served by Google. You can control what information we use to show you ads by visiting your ad settings.
 We don’t show you personalized ads based on

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective February 10, 2022 |
+Effective October 4, 2022 |
 Archived versions

 payment information
-to your account. Even if you aren’t signed in to a Google Account, you might choose to provide us with information — like an email address to receive updates about our services.
 We also collect the content you create, upload, or receive from others when using our services. This includes things like email you write and receive, photos and videos you save, docs and spreadsheets you create, and comments you make on YouTube videos.

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective July 1, 2021 |
+Effective February 10, 2022 |
 Archived versions
 ⋯
 Platforms like the Chrome browser and Android operating system
-Products that are integrated into third-party apps and sites, like ads and embedded Google Maps
 To help explain things as clearly as possible, we’ve added examples, explanatory videos, and definitions for

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective February 4, 2021 |
+Effective July 1, 2021 |
 Archived versions

 publicly accessible sources
-. For example, if your name appears in your local newspaper, Google’s Search engine may index that article and display it to other people if they search for your name. We may also collect information about you from trusted partners, including marketing partners who provide us with information about potential customers of our business services, and security partners who provide us with information to
 protect against abuse

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective September 30, 2020 |
+Effective February 4, 2021 |
 Archived versions

 services to make and receive calls or send and receive messages
-, we may collect telephony log information like your phone number, calling-party number, receiving-party number, forwarding numbers, time and date of calls and messages, duration of calls, routing information, and types of calls.
 You can visit your Google Account to find and manage activity information that’s saved in your account.

 Take the Privacy Checkup
-Effective August 28, 2020 |
+Effective September 30, 2020 |
 Archived versions

 Go to Shared Endorsements
-Information you share
 Ways to review & update your information

 This Privacy Policy is meant to help you understand what information we collect, why we collect it, and how you can update, manage, export, and delete your information.
-Effective July 1, 2020 |
+Privacy Checkup
+Looking to change your privacy settings?
 Archived versions

 This Privacy Policy is meant to help you understand what information we collect, why we collect it, and how you can update, manage, export, and delete your information.
-Effective March 31, 2020 |
+Effective July 1, 2020 |
 Archived versions

 IP address
-, crash reports, system activity, and the date, time, and referrer URL of your request.
 We collect this information when a Google service on your device contacts our servers — for example, when you install an app from the Play Store or when a service checks for automatic updates. If you’re using an

 This Privacy Policy is meant to help you understand what information we collect, why we collect it, and how you can update, manage, export, and delete your information.
-Effective December 19, 2019 |
+Effective March 31, 2020 |
 Archived versions

 legal frameworks
-relating to the transfer of data, such as the EU-US and Swiss-US Privacy Shield Frameworks.
 When we receive formal written complaints, we respond by contacting the person who made the complaint. We work with the appropriate regulatory authorities, including local data protection authorities, to resolve any complaints regarding the transfer of your data that we cannot resolve with you directly.

 This Privacy Policy is meant to help you understand what information we collect, why we collect it, and how you can update, manage, export, and delete your information.
-Effective October 15, 2019 |
+Effective December 19, 2019 |
 Archived versions

 When we receive formal written complaints, we respond by contacting the person who made the complaint. We work with the appropriate regulatory authorities, including local data protection authorities, to resolve any complaints regarding the transfer of your data that we cannot resolve with you directly.
+California requirements
 About this policy

 This Privacy Policy is meant to help you understand what information we collect, why we collect it, and how you can update, manage, export, and delete your information.
-Effective January 22, 2019 |
+Effective October 15, 2019 |
 Archived versions

 Information you share
-Control whom you share information with through your account on Google+.
 Go to Information You Share

 This Privacy Policy is meant to help you understand what information we collect, why we collect it, and how you can update, manage, export, and delete your information.
-Effective May 25, 2018 |
+Effective January 22, 2019 |
 Archived versions

 Location History
-if you want to save and manage your location information in your account.
 In some circumstances, Google also collects information about you from

 .
-Privacy Policy
-Last modified: December 18, 2017 (
-view archived versions
 key terms

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: October 2, 2017 (
+Last modified: December 18, 2017 (
 view archived versions

 access to your personal information
-. If that information is wrong, we strive to give you ways to update it quickly or to delete it – unless we have to keep that information for legitimate business or legal purposes. When updating your personal information, we may ask you to verify your identity before we can act on your request.
 Information we share

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: April 17, 2017 (
+Last modified: October 2, 2017 (
 view archived versions

 When this Privacy Policy applies
-Our Privacy Policy applies to all of the services offered by Google Inc. and its affiliates, including YouTube, services Google provides on Android devices, and services offered on other sites (such as our advertising services), but excludes services that have separate privacy policies that do not incorporate this Privacy Policy.
 Our Privacy Policy does not apply to services offered by other companies or individuals, including products or sites that may be displayed to you in search results, sites that may include Google services, or other sites linked from our services. Our Privacy Policy does not cover the information practices of other companies and organizations who advertise our services, and who may use cookies, pixel tags and other technologies to serve and offer relevant ads.

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: March 1, 2017 (
+Last modified: April 17, 2017 (
 view archived versions

 self regulatory frameworks
-, including the EU-US Privacy Shield Framework. When we receive formal written complaints, we will contact the person who made the complaint to follow up. We work with the appropriate regulatory authorities, including local data protection authorities, to resolve any complaints regarding the transfer of personal data that we cannot resolve with our users directly.
 Changes

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: August 29, 2016 (
+Last modified: March 1, 2017 (
 view archived versions

 domain administrator
-(for example, for Google Apps users) then your domain administrator and resellers who provide user support to your organization will have access to your Google Account information (including your email and other data). Your domain administrator may be able to:
 view statistics regarding your account, like statistics regarding applications you install.

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: June 28, 2016 (
+Last modified: August 29, 2016 (
 view archived versions

 View and edit
-your preferences about the Google ads shown to you on Google and across the web, such as which categories might interest you, using Ads Settings. You can also opt out of certain Google advertising services here.
 Adjust

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: March 25, 2016 (
+Last modified: June 28, 2016 (
 view archived versions

 to make it easier to share things with people you know
-. We will not combine DoubleClick cookie information with personally identifiable information unless we have your opt-in consent.
 We will ask for your consent before using information for a purpose other than those that are set out in this Privacy Policy.

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: August 19, 2015 (
+Last modified: March 25, 2016 (
 view archived versions

 Review and update your Google activity controls
-to decide what types of data, such as videos you’ve watched on YouTube or past searches, you would like saved with your account when you use Google services.
 Review and control

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: June 30, 2015 (
+Last modified: August 19, 2015 (
 view archived versions

 .
-Information we collect when you are signed in to Google may be associated with your Google Account. When information is associated with your Google Account, we treat it as personal information. For more information about how you can access, manage or delete information that is associated with your Google Account, visit the
 Transparency and choice

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: May 1, 2015 (
+Last modified: June 5, 2015 (
 view archived versions

 , or which YouTube videos you might like.
-We collect information in two ways:
 Information you give us.

 Privacy Policy
-Information we collect
-How we use information we collect
-Transparency and choice
 view archived versions

 Other useful privacy and security related materials
-Last modified: December 19, 2014 (
+Last modified: February 25, 2015 (
 view archived versions

 may collect and process information about your actual location
-. We use various technologies to determine location, including IP address, GPS, and other sensors that may, for example, provide Google with information on nearby devices,
 Wi-Fi access points and cell towers

 Other useful privacy and security related materials
-Last modified: March 31, 2014 (
+Last modified: December 19, 2014 (
 view archived versions

 ads you’ll find most useful
-or
 the people who matter most to you online

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: December 20, 2013 (
+Information we collect
+How we use information we collect
 view archived versions

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: June 24, 2013 (
+Last modified: December 20, 2013 (
 view archived versions

 first. Your privacy matters to Google so whether you are new to Google or a long-time user, please do take the time to get to know our practices – and if you have any questions
+consult this page
 .

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: July 27, 2012 (
+Last modified: June 24, 2013 (
 view archived versions

 View and edit
-your ads preferences, such as which categories might interest you, using the Ads Preferences Manager. You can also opt out of certain Google advertising services here.
 Use our editor

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: March 1, 2012 (
+Last modified: July 27, 2012 (
 view archived versions

 Device information
-We may collect device-specific information (such as your hardware model, operating system version, unique device identifiers, and mobile network information including phone number). Google may associate your device identifiers or phone number with your Google Account.
 Log information

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: October 3, 2010 (
+Last modified: October 20, 2011 (
 view archived versions

 Third Party Applications
-– Google may make available third party applications, such as gadgets or extensions, through its services. The information collected by Google when you enable a third party application is processed under this Privacy Policy. Information collected by the third party application provider is governed by their privacy policies.
 Location data

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: March 11, 2009 (
+Last modified: October 3, 2010 (
 view archived versions
 )
-At Google we recognize that privacy is important. This Privacy Policy applies to all of the
 products, services and websites

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: January 27, 2009
+Last modified: March 11, 2009 (
+view archived versions
 At Google we recognize that privacy is important. This Privacy Policy applies to all of the

 Privacy Policy
-Last modified: August 7, 2008
+Last modified: January 27, 2009
 At Google we recognize that privacy is important. This Privacy Policy applies to all of the

 server logs
-may include information such as your web request, Internet Protocol address, browser type, browser language, the date and time of your request and one or more cookies that may uniquely identify your browser.
 User communications

 .
-Google Privacy Policy
-Last modified: October 14, 2005
-At Google we recognize that privacy is important. This Policy applies to all of the
 products, services and websites

 .
-Privacy Policy
-At Google, we strive to develop innovative services to better serve our users. We recognize that privacy is an important issue, so we design and operate our services with the protection of your privacy in mind. This Privacy Policy outlines the types of personal information we gather when you use Google’s services, as well as some of the steps we take to safeguard it.
-The following principles apply to the personally identifying information we ask for and that you provide. “Personally identifying information” is information that individually identifies you, such as your name, physical address or email address. You can find more details about the data we collect on particular services by clicking the links on the side of this page.
 Information sharing

 Privacy Policy
-Google respects and protects the privacy of the individuals that use Google’s search engine services (“Google Search Services”). Individually identifiable information about you is not willfully disclosed to any third party without first receiving your permission, as explained in this privacy policy (“Privacy Policy”).
-Google and Cookies
-Upon your first visit to Google, Google sends a “cookie” to your computer. A cookie is a piece of data that identifies you as a unique user. Google uses cookies to improve the quality of our service and to understand our user base more. Google does this by storing user preferences in cookies and by tracking user trends and patterns of how people search. Google will not disclose its cookies to third parties except as required by a valid legal process such as a search warrant, subpoena, statute, or court order.
 .

 Privacy Policy
-Google respects and protects the privacy of the individuals that use Google’s search engine services (“Google Search Services”). Individually identifiable information about you is not willfully disclosed to to any third party without first receiving your permission, as explained in this privacy policy (“Privacy Policy”).
+Google respects and protects the privacy of the individuals that use Google’s search engine services (“Google Search Services”). Individually identifiable information about you is not willfully disclosed to any third party without first receiving your permission, as explained in this privacy policy (“Privacy Policy”).
 Google and Cookies
-Upon your first visit to Google, Google sends a “cookie” to your computer. A cookie is a file that identifies you as a unique user. Google uses cookies to track user trends and patterns to better understand our user base and to improve the quality of our service. Google may also choose to use cookies to store user preferences. A cookie can tell us, “This is the same computer that visited Google two days ago,” but it cannot tell us, “This person is Joe Smith” or even, “This person lives in the United States.”
 Most browsers are initially set up to accept cookies. You can reset your browser to refuse all cookies or to indicate when a cookie is being sent. Be aware, however, that some parts of the Google Search Service may not function properly if you refuse cookies.

 .
-Google and Privacy
-Google is sensitive to the privacy concerns of its users. The Internet allows individuals to explore and communicate with unprecedented ease, but it also allows websites to collect and distribute personal information with equal ease. We at Google know that many users are, understandably, concerned about such practices, and we wish to make clear our policy for collecting and using personal information.
-Google’s Policy
 Google and Cookies